Some off the top of my head. Some spoilers for the following movies... The Graduate, Whiplash, The Hurt Locker, Saving Private Ryan, The Hustler, Seven, The Empire Strikes Back, Caddyshack, The Fugitive
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The Graduate - the final scene. To me that last scene is really well done. They took a risk and broke conventions, but neither of them seems very certain why.
Whiplash - when Miles Teller has his first experience with JK Simmons in the jazz ensemble. JK forces him to announce he's "upset".
The Hurt Locker - the scene with the sniper. It was done so well, and while I'm only a civilian, I think it did a great job of capturing what that sort of situation may feel like. Also from the same movie, and another poignant moment - when the main character is back in the grocery store, standing amongst granola bars or something similar... it highlights how difficult it is for someone that's been through so much can have difficulty adjusting back to everyday life.
Saving Private Ryan - Normandy. That was one of the most astonishing things I've ever seen on film.
The Hustler - 10s of hours into a marathon game of straight pool. Minnesota Fats goes to the bathroom to wash his hands, dries them, and says "let's play pool, fast eddie". Fast Eddie by that point is full of confidence and booze, and Fats makes him pay for it.
Seven - "what's in the booox...!?"
The Empire Strikes Back - the attack on the Hoth base
Caddyshack - The whole damn thing.
The Fugitive - "I didn't kill my wife!", "I don't care"