I sold RFID technology for many years. All you described is possible and more. Each data tag normally comes with a unique serial number from the factory so there would be no conflicts. High freq systems can read/write data to all the tags within range simultaneously. So...each ball could be read and updated with new data every time it's in range. I didn't read your link yet but it sounds like they figured out a way to read through metal. In my experience metal anywhere near the tag or reader would reduce the range or block it completely. Kind of like trying to get a radio to work in a metal building. As you said the memory tags are inexpensive. This technology has been around for 30 years so it is getting pretty inexpensive and miniature these days. I bet you could put together a single USB read/write head and some tags for around $100 in total. The rest is software. Check out EBay for some examples.