Those are diodes. You want the diode/sound setting/ at about 5:30 on the dial. if you put the red lead on the side with the stripe and the black on the other, you should get no reading. If you reverse them, you should see something between like 0.3V and 1.2V, depending on the diode. All should probably measure the same. Since they're 'in circuit', there could be something else on the board that messes with the readings, but they should still probably be the same. You can't really test parts without desoldering all but one leg, but usually it's fine to do it in circuit

You bump that board and bad things happen.... check for cold solder joints on all those wire connections... might be your issue. Good luck!

I would also maybe start a better thread with the specific issue. I don't mean this in a mean way, but if you don't know how to use a multimeter and don't know what a diode is called, how did you diagnose whatever your issue is down to those components? You will likely get better and quicker advice with more detail on the issue.

yeah description of what game, what its doing or not doing, and which board and which connection you bump would let us lead you to the right fix.

http://www.pinwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Beginner%27s_Notes

http://www.pinrepair.com/begin/index.htm