Quoted from manadams:You can use any self powered sub with a speaker wire line in or RCA input, you can alligator clip speaker wire from cabinet speaker to it. Check you local FB marketplace or craigslist, have five subs and never spent over $60 for one.
Electrical engineer here, albeit RF amplifiers not audio amps. Still appropriate tho.
You don't want to do that with a modern Stern and RCA inputs on a powered sub, there's a potential problem. Stern uses a TPA 3123D2 audio amp in what's call a 'bridge-tied-load' configuration output (i.e. balanced output) meaning 'woofer+' output and 'woofer-' output, as opposed to a single-ended output (i.e. woofer+, ground). 'Woofer-' is not at ground potential. Older pins use that configuration. If the subwoofer uses a single-ended RCA input ('input+', ground) then you are effectively grounding one side of the TPA3123D2 amplifier ('output-' to ground). Plus you'd be potentially over-driving the input with a direct connection.
However, there is an easy way around this that the car guys use for hooking up an external amplifier for their subs. It's a high level (i.e. audio amplifier output) to low level (i.e. external active subwoofer input). It is essentially a 'balun' so it addresses the balanced (bridge-tied-load) to unbalanced (single-ended) problem. Hence the name BALUN (BALance to UNbalanced). It also addresses the issue of lowering the input level to a level appropriate to the active subwoofer. Some also isolate grounds.
I know people have went the alligator and wire approach, but I wouldn't recommend it. The adapter I mentioned is a correct way to clamp onto the woofer. Works on any pin. There's other ways to achieve it too, but the adapter is low cost and all you need.
Here's an example of the ones I use, but plenty of alternatives: https://www.amazon.com/PAC-SNI-35-Variable-Line-Converter/dp/B001EAWS3W/ref=sr_1_1
Not sure about going into the high-level inputs on an external sub, really depends on the subwoofer design.
The PinWoofer gent makes a nice system if you don't want to go down the path of DIY.
pasted_image (resized).png