I resoldered the power board yesterday afternoon, and plugged all the connections back together. I also checked connectivity throughout the board and everything looks good. To be fair, it all looked good when I pulled it out of the machine. It trying to trace back the voltage line from the offending test point, I was able to see which wire that point was supposed to be getting its power from, on the XFMR connector. When I test the other wires coming into the power board from the XFMR they all read live voltage, but the one that is supposed to power TP2 is reading dead. From this I think I have determined that the issue is not with the power board, but rather from something upstream of the board.
One thing I should have mentioned is that I had previously replaced "BATT1" on the CPU board with the standard replacement of 3 AA batteries and a diode bridge, but I hadn't mounted them anywhere in particular, so there were two wires that I had soldered in hanging all the way down the back box (the batteries previously sat on the bottom of the back box). I was replacing the batteries a few weeks ago with the game on as recommended (to save high scores), and pulling out the battery cradle one of the wires seemed to touch something (couldn't tell what) on or near the power board, and the displays went dead and the game stopped. There was also a small amount of smoke from the vicinity of the power board, so I figured I had shorted something and blew a fuse. But all the fuses I checked were okay and the power board is seemingly fine.
Now knowing that one of the connections from the XFMR is not sending voltage (looks like it might usually send 230V if I'm reading the board right), I am not sure where to go from here. I may be out of my league and it might be time to call someone who does this as a real hobby. Any insight would be appreciated anyway. Thanks for reading all.